Crop Water Requirements with Changing Climate in an Arid Region of Saudi Arabia

Agriculture is critical for a country’s population growth and economic expansion. In Saudi Arabia (SA), agriculture relies on groundwater, seasonal water, desalinated recycled water due to lack of surface resources, dry environment, scanty rainfall. Estimating consumption plan crop requirements (CWR) in changing environments difficult micro-level data consumption, particularly agricultural systems. High-resolution satellite combined with environmental provides valuable tool computing the CWR. This study aimed estimate CWR greater spatial temporal resolution localized field variables. Obtaining this at level appropriate, but geospatial technology can produce repeatable, time-series phenomena align wider coverage regions. The area has been investigated through two methods: firstly, based high-resolution PlanetScope (PS) data, secondly, using FAO CROPWAT model v8.0. analysis revealed that evapotranspiration (ETo) showed minimum response 2.22 mm/day January maximum 6.13 July, high temperatures (42.8). humidity reaches peak 51%, falling June 15%. Annual values (in mm) seven crops studied present investigation, including date palm, wheat, citrus, maize, barley, clover, vegetables, were 1377, 296, 964, 275, 259, 1077, 214, respectively. monthly averaged derived PS higher correlation (r = 0.83) results. was promising highlighted such decisive be implemented any region by Machine Learning Deep in-depth insights.